June 12

June 12 is the 163rd day of the year (164th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 202 days remaining until the end of the year.

Events

• 1381 - Peasants' Revolt: in England, rebels arrive at Blackheath.
• 1418 - An insurrection delivers Paris to the Burgundians.
• 1429 - Hundred Years' War: Joan of Arc leads the French army in their capture of the city and the English commander, William de la Pole, 1st Duke of Suffolk in the second day of the Battle of Jargeau.
• 1560 - Battle of Okehazama: Oda Nobunaga defeats Imagawa Yoshimoto.
• 1653 - First Anglo-Dutch War: the Battle of the Gabbard begins and lasts until June 13.
• 1665 - England installs a municipal government in New York City (the former Dutch settlement of New Amsterdam).
• 1758 - French and Indian War: Siege of Louisbourg – James Wolfe's attack at Louisbourg, Nova Scotia commences.
• 1775 - American Revolution: British general Thomas Gage declares martial law in Massachusetts. The British offer a pardon to all colonists who lay down their arms. There would be only two exceptions to the amnesty: Samuel Adams and John Hancock, if captured, were to be hanged.
• 1830 - Beginning of the French colonization of Algeria: 34,000 French soldiers land 27 kilometers west of Algiers, at Sidi Ferruch.
• 1849 - The gas mask is patented by Lewis Haslett in Louisville, Kentucky, United States.
• 1860 - The State Bank of the Russian Empire is established.
• 1864 - American Civil War Overland Campaign: Battle of Cold Harbor - Ulysses S. Grant gives the Confederate forces under Robert E. Lee a victory when he pulls his Union troops from their positions at Cold Harbor, Virginia and moves south.
• 1889 - 88 are killed in the Armagh rail disaster near Armagh in what is now Northern Ireland.
• 1896 - J.T. Hearne sets a cricket record for the earliest date of taking 100 first-class wickets in a season.
• 1898 - Philippine Declaration of Independence: General Emilio Aguinaldo declares the Philippines' independence from Spain.
• 1899 - New Richmond Tornado: the eighth deadliest tornado in U.S. history kills 117 peoples and injures around 200.
• 1902 - Australia: women in the four Australian States without female suffrage are given the right to vote in Commonwealth elections under Section 3 of the Commonwealth Franchise Act for a Uniform Federal Franchise. Specifically excluded from enrolling to vote are 'aboriginal native[s] of Australia Africa Asia or the Islands of the Pacific except New Zealand' unless covered under Section 41 of the Constitution of Australia.
• 1903 - The Sigma Alpha Iota International Music Fraternity is founded at the University of Michigan School of Music.
• 1922 - In Windsor Castle, King George V receives the colours of the six Irish regiments that are to be disbanded - the Royal Irish Regiment, the Connaught Rangers, the South Irish Horse, the Prince of Wales's Leinster Regiment, the Royal Munster Fusiliers and the Royal Dublin Fusiliers.
• 1931 - Charlie Parker equals cricket record for the earliest date to reach 100 wickets in a season. Tich Freeman reaches 100 wickets a day later.
• 1935 - Chaco War ends: a truce is called between Bolivia and Paraguay who had been fighting since 1932.
• 1939 - Shooting begins on Paramount Pictures' Dr. Cyclops, the first horror film photographed in three-strip Technicolor.
• 1940 - World War II: 13,000 British and French troops surrender to Field Marshal Erwin Rommel at Saint-Valery-en-Caux.
• 1942 - Holocaust: future essayist Anne Frank receives a diary for her thirteenth birthday.
• 1943 - Holocaust: Germany liquidates the Jewish Ghetto in Berezhany, western Ukraine. 1,180 Jews are led to the city's old Jewish graveyard and shot.
• 1963 - Civil rights leader Medgar Evers is murdered in front of his home in Jackson, Mississippi by Ku Klux Klan member Byron De La Beckwith.
• 1964 - Anti-apartheid activist and ANC leader Nelson Mandela is sentenced to life in prison for sabotage in South Africa.
• 1967 - The United States Supreme Court in Loving v. Virginia declares all U.S. state laws which prohibit interracial marriage to be unconstitutional.
• 1967 - Venera program: Venera 4 is launched (it will become the first space probe to enter another planet's atmosphere and successfully return data).
• 1978 - David Berkowitz, the "Son of Sam" killer in New York City, is sentenced to 365 years in prison for six killings.
• 1979 - Bryan Allen wins the second Kremer prize for a man powered flight across the English Channel in the Gossamer Albatross.
• 1982 - Over 750,000 people attend a concert in New York's Central Park to support MUSE (or Musicians United for Safe Energy, aka: No Nukes), to see Bruce Springsteen, Jackson Browne, James Taylor and Linda Ronstadt (among others) perform.
• 1987 - The Central African Republic's former Emperor Jean-Bédel Bokassa is sentenced to death for crimes he had committed during his 13-year rule.
• 1987 - Cold War: U.S. President Ronald Reagan publicly challenges Mikhail Gorbachev to tear down the Berlin Wall at the Brandenburg Gate.
• 1988 - The Republic of Ireland beats England 1-0 at Euro88 thanks to a headed goal by Ray Houghton. This is Ireland's first competitive match at a major football tournament.
• 1990 - Russia Day – the parliament of the Russian Federation formally declares its sovereignty.
• 1991 - Russians elect Boris Yeltsin as the president of the republic.
• 1993 - Chief Moshood Kashimawo Olawale Abiola is elected President of Nigeria in record turnout for Nigerian elections.
• 1994 - Nicole Brown Simpson and Ronald Goldman are murdered outside her home in Los Angeles, California. O.J. Simpson is later acquitted of the killings, but is held liable in a civil suit.
• 1996 - In Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, a panel of federal judges blocks a law against indecency on the internet.
• 1999 - Kosovo War: Operation Joint Guardian begins – a NATO-led United Nations peacekeeping force KFor enters the province of Kosovo in Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.
• 2000 - Sandro Rosa do Nascimento takes hostages while robbing Bus #174 in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; the highly-publicized standoff becomes a media circus and ends with the death of do Nascimento and a hostage.
• 2004 - A 1.3 kilogram chondrite type meteorite strikes a house in Ellerslie, New Zealand causing serious damage but no injuries.
• 2008 - Ireland rejects the Lisbon Treaty in a referendum, thus putting into question the reform programme of the European Union.

Births

• 1107 - Emperor Gaozong of China (d. 1187)
• 1519 - Cosimo I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany (d. 1574)
• 1577 - Paul Guldin, Swiss astronomer and mathematician (d. 1643)
• 1659 - Yamamoto Tsunetomo, Japanese samurai (d. 1719)
• 1775 - Karl Freiherr von Müffling, Prussian field marshal (d. 1851)
• 1777 - Robert Clark, American politician (d. 1837)
• 1802 - Harriet Martineau, controversial journalist, political economist, abolitionist and life-long feminist (d. 1876)
• 1806 - John A. Roebling, German-America civil engineer (Brooklyn Bridge) (d. 1869)
• 1812 - Edmond Hébert, French geologist (d. 1890)
• 1819 - Charles Kingsley, English writer (d. 1875)
• 1827 - Johanna Spyri, Swiss author (d. 1901)
• 1861 - William Attewell, English cricketer (d. 1927)
• 1875 - Sam De Grasse, Canadian actor (d. 1953)
• 1888 - Zygmunt Janiszewski, Polish mathematician (d. 1920)
• 1890 - Egon Schiele, Austrian painter and graphic artist (d. 1918)
• 1892 - Djuna Barnes, American author (d. 1982)
• 1897 - Anthony Eden, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1977)
• 1899 - Fritz Albert Lipmann, American biochemist, Nobel laureate (d. 1986)
• 1902 - Hendrik Elias, Flemish politician (d. 1973)
• 1903 - Emmett Hardy, American musician (d. 1925)
• 1905 - Ray Barbuti, American athlete (d. 1988)
• 1906 - Sandro Penna, Italian poet (d. 1977)
• 1908 - Alphonse Ouimet, Canadian TV pioneer and president of the CBC (d. 1988)
• 1908 - Marina Semenova, Russian ballerina
• 1908 - Otto Skorzeny, Famous WWII German SS commando (d. 1975)
• 1910 - Bill Naughton, English playwright (d. 1992)
• 1912 - Jameel Jalibi, Pakistani scholar, writer, and Urdu linguist
• 1913 - Jean Victor Allard, Canadian army general (d. 1996)
• 1915 - Christopher Mayhew, British politician (d. 1997)
• 1915 - David Rockefeller, American banker
• 1916 - Irwin Allen, American film producer (d. 1991)
• 1918 - Samuel Z. Arkoff, American film producer (d. 2001)
• 1919 - Uta Hagen, American actress (d. 2004)
• 1920 - Dave Berg, American cartoonist (d. 2002)
• 1920 - Peter Jones, English actor (d. 2000)
• 1920 - Jim Siedow, American actor (d. 2003)
• 1921 - Christopher Derrick, British writer (d. 2007)
• 1921 - James Houston, Canadian artist (d. 2005)
• 1923 - Monty Westmore, American make-up artist (d. 2007)
• 1924 - George H. W. Bush, 41st President of the United States
• 1926 - Jackie Pallo, English professional wrestler (d. 2006)
• 1928 - Vic Damone, American singer
• 1928 - Richard M. Sherman, American songwriter
• 1929 - Brigid Brophy, British writer
• 1929 - Anne Frank, German-born Dutch Jewish diarist and Holocaust victim (d. 1945)
• 1930 - Donald Byrne, American chess player (d. 1976)
• 1930 - Jim Nabors, American actor
• 1930 - Innes Ireland, Scottish racing driver (d. 1993)
• 1932 - Mimi Coertse, a South African soprano
• 1932 - Rona Jaffe, American novelist
• 1932 - Mamo Wolde, Ethiopian athlete (d. 2002)
• 1933 - Eddie Adams, American photographer, won Pulitzer Prize (d. 2004)
• 1934 - John A. Alonzo, American cinematographer (d. 2001)
• 1937 - Vladimir Arnold, Russian mathematician
• 1937 - Antal Festetics, Austrian biologist
• 1938 - Tom Oliver, Australian actor
• 1939 - Frank McCloskey, American politician (d. 2003)
• 1941 - Marv Albert, American sportscaster
• 1941 - Chick Corea, American musician
• 1941 - Roy Harper, English musician
• 1942 - Bert Sakmann, German physiologist, Nobel laureate
• 1942 - Len Barry, American singer and musician (The Dovells)
• 1945 - Pat Jennings, Northern Irish footballer
• 1946 - Harry Glasper, English writer
• 1946 - Michel Bergeron, NHL head coach
• 1948 - Hans Binder, Austrian racing driver
• 1949 - Marc Tardif, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1949 - John Wetton, English musician (Asia)
• 1951 - Andranik Margaryan, 14th Prime Minister of Armenia (d. 2007)
• 1951 - Bun E. Carlos, American musician (Cheap Trick)
• 1951 - Brad Delp, American singer (Boston) (d. 2007)
• 1952 - Pete Farndon, English musician (The Pretenders) (d. 1983)
• 1952 - Spencer Abraham, Secretary of Energy under George W. Bush
• 1953 - Allan Weiner, American radio station owner
• 1954 - Neil Oatley, English engineer
• 1956 - Terry Alderman, Australian cricketer
• 1956 - Rob Collins, English musician (The Charlatans) (d. 1996)
• 1957 - Timothy Busfield, American actor
• 1957 - Javed Miandad, Pakistani cricketer and coach
• 1958 - Rebecca Holden, American actress and singer
• 1959 - John Linnell, American musician (They Might Be Giants)
• 1959 - Scott Thompson, Canadian comedian (Kids in the Hall)
• 1959 - Jervis Johnson, Games Designer for Games Workshop, Nottingham
• 1961 - Jim Goad, American author
• 1962 - Paul Clark, English musician (The Bolshoi)
• 1962 - John Enos III, American actor
• 1963 - Warwick Capper, Australian rules footballer
• 1963 - Tim DeKay, American actor
• 1963 - Jerry Lynn, American professional wrestler
• 1963 - Johnny Weiss, American professional wrestler
• 1963 - Philippe Bugalski, French rally driver
• 1964 - Paula Marshall, American actress
• 1964 - Derek Higgins, Irish racing driver
• 1965 - Filip Topol, Czech musician and writer
• 1965 - Vicky Vette, Norwegian-born adult film actress
• 1967 - Frances O'Connor, Australian actress
• 1967 - Icíar Bollaín, Spanish actress, director and writer
• 1968 - Scott Aldred, American baseball player
• 1968 - Bobby Sheehan, American musician (Blues Traveler) (d. 1999)
• 1969 - Zsolt Daczi, Hungarian guitarist (Omen, Bikini) (d. 2007)
• 1969 - Mathieu Schneider, American ice hockey player
• 1970 - Gordon Michael Woolvett, Canadian actor
• 1971 - Mark Henry, American professional wrestler
• 1971 - Ryan Klesko, American baseball player
• 1972 - Bounty Killer, Jamaican deejay
• 1973 - Takis Fyssas, Greek footballer
• 1973 - Darryl White, Australian rules footballer
• 1974 - Hideki Matsui, Japanese baseball player
• 1974 - Jason Mewes, American actor
• 1974 - Kerry Kittles, American basketball player
• 1976 - Thomas Sørensen, Danish footballer
• 1976 - Antawn Jamison, American basketball player
• 1977 - Kenny Wayne Shepherd, American blues-rock guitarist
• 1977 - Wade Redden, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1978 - DJ Qualls, American model and actor
• 1979 - Dallas Clark, American football player
• 1979 - Wil Horneff, American actor
• 1980 - Larry Foote, American football player
• 1980 - Marco Bortolami, Italian rugby union player
• 1981 - Adriana Lima, Brazilian supermodel
• 1982 - Ben Blackwell, American musician
• 1982 - Jason David, American football player
• 1982 - Loïc Duval, French racing driver
• 1983 - Josh Dies, American author and musician (Showbread)
• 1983 - Bryan Habana, South African rugby player
• 1983 - Christine Sinclair, Canadian soccer player
• 1985 - Blake Ross, American software developer
• 1985 - Tasha-Ray Evin, Canadian musician (Lillix)
• 1985 - Kendra Wilkinson, American Playboy bunny/Playmate/Television Personality
• 1985 - Sam Thaiday, Australian professional rugby league player
• 1985 - Chris Young, American musician
• 1992 - Allie DiMeco American musician and actress (The Naked Brothers Band)
• 1992 - Ryan Malgarini, American actor
• 1992 - Philippe Coutinho, Brazilian football player
• 1997 - William Cuddy, Canadian actor

Deaths

• 816 - Pope Leo III
• 918 - Ethelfleda, Lady of the Mercians
• 1020 - Lyfing, Archbishop of Canterbury
• 1036 - Tedald, Bishop of Arezzo
• 1418 - Bernard VII, Count of Armagnac, Constable of France (b. 1360)
• 1435 - John FitzAlan, 14th Earl of Arundel, English military leader (b. 1408)
• 1560 - Imagawa Yoshimoto, Japanese daimyo (b. 1519)
• 1560 - Ii Naomori, Japanese warrior (b. 1506)
• 1565 - Adrianus Turnebus, French classical scholar (b. 1512)
• 1567 - Richard Rich, 1st Baron Rich, Lord Chancellor of England (b. 1490)
• 1647 - Thomas Farnaby, English grammarian
• 1675 - Duke Charles Emmanuel II of Savoy (b. 1634)
• 1734 - James FitzJames, 1st Duke of Berwick, French military commander (b. 1670)
• 1758 - Augustus William, Prince of Prussia (b. 1722)
• 1772 - Marc-Joseph Marion du Fresne, French explorer (b. 1724)
• 1778 - Philip Livingston, American signer of the Declaration of Independence (b. 1716)
• 1816 - Pierre Augereau, Marshal of France and duc de Castiglione (b. 1757)
• 1818 - Egwale Seyon, Emperor of Ethiopia
• 1904 - Camille de Renesse, Belgian Count (b. 1836)
• 1912 - Frédéric Passy, French economist, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (b. 1822)
• 1917 - Teresa Carreño, Venezuelan pianist (b. 1853)
• 1937 - Mikhail Tukhachevsky, Marshal of the Soviet Union (b. 1893)
• 1957 - Jimmy Dorsey, American musician (b. 1904)
• 1962 - John Ireland, English composer (b. 1879)
• 1963 - Medgar Evers, American civil rights activist (b. 1925)
• 1966 - Hermann Scherchen, German conductor (b. 1891)
• 1969 - Alexander Deyneka, Ukrainian painter (b. 1899)
• 1978 - Guo Moruo, Chinese writer (b. 1892)
• 1980 - Milburn Stone, American actor (b. 1904)
• 1980 - Billy Butlin, Founder of the brand of holiday venues known as Butlins (b. 1899)
• 1980 - Masayoshi Ohira, Prime minister of Japan (b. 1910)
• 1982 - Karl von Frisch, Austrian zoologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1886)
• 1982 - Sgt Ian McKay VC, British soldier (Falklands War) (b. 1953)
• 1983 - Norma Shearer, Canadian actress (b. 1902)
• 1989 - Lou Monte, American singer (b. 1917)
• 1994 - Ronald Goldman, American actor and model (b. 1969)
• 1994 - Nicole Brown Simpson, American ex-wife of O.J. Simpson (b. 1959)
• 1994 - Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson, Lubavitcher Rebbe (b. 1902)
• 1994 - Christopher Collins, American actor and comedian (b. 1949)
• 1995 - Arturo Benedetti Michelangeli, Italian pianist (b. 1920)
• 1997 - Bulat Okudzhava, Russian writer and musician (b. 1924)
• 2000 - P.L.Deshpande, Marathi writer (b. 1919)
• 2002 - Bill Blass, American fashion designer (b. 1922)
• 2003 - Gregory Peck, American actor (b. 1916)
• 2005 - Scott Young, Canadian sportswriter, novelist, and journalist (b. 1918)
• 2006 - György Ligeti, Hungarian composer (b. 1923)
• 2006 - Kenneth Roy Thomson, 2nd Baron Thomson of Fleet, Canadian businessman and art collector (b. 1923)
• 2007 - Don Herbert aka "Mr. Wizard", American television host (b. 1917)
• 2008 - Derek Tapscott, Welsh footballer (b. 1932)

Holidays and observances

• Roman Empire – sixth day of the Vestalia in honor of Vesta
• Philippines – Araw ng Kalayaan (Independence Day) 1898
• Russian Federation – Russia Day (Independence Day) 1990
• Brazil – Dia dos Namorados (Lover's Day; similar to St. Valentine's)
• United States – Loving Day celebrates the legalization of interracial marriage
• Saint John of Sahagun, hermit, confessor
• Saint Leo III died 816
• Saints Nabor and Nazarius, martyrs
• Blessed Ternan, bishop, confessor
• Saint Ursinus, bishop of Bourges, confessor (Translation day)
• Saint Pharaildis, virgin
• Wales - Dydd y Dywysoges Gwenllian (Welsh) - Princess Gwenllian's Day

External links

• BBC: On This Day
• The New York Times: On This Day
• On This Day in Canada